PCOD full form in medical term – Polycystic Ovarian Disease
PCOS full form in medical term – Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
What is PCOD or PCOS problem?
PCOD or PCOS is a common hormonal disorder found nearly in 8 – 12% of women, etiology is a genetic mutation in certain genes because of that both ovaries become bulky with an increased number of seeds (antral follicles) & many women/girls will also get symptoms as menstrual irregularity, weight gain, abnormal facial hair growth, etc.
What are the common signs & symptoms of PCOD problem / PCOS?
Ultrasonography is generally suggestive of bilateral bulky ovaries with a volume of more than 10 cc & high antral follicles of more than 12 in each sonography plane. It is labeled as PCOD.
If the girls/women labeled as PCOD in ultrasound have symptoms as well then it’s called PCOS as follows.
As per Rotterdam Criteria, the clinical diagnosis of PCOS must be made by a patient who is exhibiting at least two symptoms like:
- Oligo-ovulation or anovulation means no ovulation or delayed ovulation in the body which will lead to delayed menses & sometimes infertility.
- Hyperandrogenism means Hirsutism where there is abnormal coarse facial clinical & non-feminine pattern of hair growth sometimes over the chest, abdomen as well or biological (including a raised free androgen index or free testosterone).
How PCOD / PCOS is Diagnosed?
To diagnose PCOD or PCOS, a gynecologist may recommend:
- Baseline hormonal profile best can be done on day 2/3 of the menstrual cycle.
- Blood tests – FSH, LH, TSH, PROLACTIN, AMH, Fasting INSULIN & sugar, Testosterone index, sr cholesterol levels if family history or morbid obesity.
- Sonography to confirm the volume & appearance of your ovaries and the uterus.
Treatment for PCOD / PCOS?
The cure for PCOD / PCOS usually starts with lifestyle changes like weight loss, diet, and exercise. Your medical team will likely use an approach to treatment that is multidisciplinary for PCOD / PCOS. This could include an endocrinologist, gynecologist, and dietician, as well as an infertility expert and dermatologist.
PCOD / PCOS mainly affects the body’s hormone balance in females. The following steps will help females to decrease their androgen levels in the body:
- Workout – at least 45 min per day at least 5 days a week.
- Dietary modifications with low carb & low-fat diet with high protein content a tailor-made diet needed depending upon the blood profile & BMI of women.
- Medications primarily consist of insulin sensitizers like myoinositol & metformin.
